SPECIAL VIEWS

The standard type of view for engineering drawing is the Orthogonal Projection, set out in 90 degree increments (FRONT, TOP, LEFT etc) in a particular order (1st angle, 3rd angle). Other common orthogonal views include Detail, Section and Auxiliary views. Pictorial views are also used mainly as an additional (optional) aid for clarification.

Orthographic and Isometric

Orthographic and Isometric: (Notes)

Australian standard orthogonal projection is 3rd angle. Pictorial projections include isometric, oblique, perspective.

Section Views

Sectioning: (Notes)

Section views are used to show details inside an object (or assembly).

Auxiliary Views

When producing an orthogonal drawing, the least number of views possible should be drawn.

Often some other techniques can be used to make an awkward feature become clear.
Three of these techniques are used:

Auxiliary views
Partial views
Removed views

Auxiliary views

Sometimes an object will have a face or feature that is at an angle to the normal directions of projection. None of the standard views give a true shape of the features, hence, an auxiliary view, as shown below, is used to give a true shape.

Partial views

A partial view (or partial auxiliary view) saves time and space by omitting unnecessary details. Any partial auxiliary view should be titled.

A Partial Auxiliary view shows only that part of the view needed to define the desired detail, whereas a complete auxiliary view shows the entire part as projected from that auxiliary plane.

Normal, Removed and Removed-and-Rotated Auxiliary Views

These three options are shown below. A note under each option, explaining what has been done, should be used to inform readers of the drawing.

Detail View

Detail Views are used to zoom up on a small detail. So they are effectively a partial, removed, scaled view. An bounding box or circle is often used to define the area of detail. The scaled-up view must be labelled and the scale indicated.